What happens to energy needs as a person ages?

As a person ages, energy needs typically lessen. This decrease is primarily due to several physiological changes associated with aging. One of the main factors is the reduction in basal metabolic rate (BMR), which occurs as muscle mass decreases and fat mass potentially increases. Muscle tissue burns more calories at rest compared to fat tissue; therefore, a decrease in muscle mass means the body requires fewer calories to maintain basic bodily functions.

Additionally, older adults may become less physically active, further contributing to a reduced calorie requirement. Lifestyle changes, such as decreased physical activity and changes in appetite, can lead to lower energy consumption. Therefore, the combination of metabolic decline and reduced physical activity generally results in a decreased energy need as individuals age. Understanding this trend is important for effective dietary planning and ensuring that nutritional needs are met without excess calorie intake, which can lead to health issues such as obesity.